منابع مشابه
Pollination Regulation of Flower Development.
Pollination regulates a syndrome of developmental responses that contributes to successful sexual reproduction in higher plants. Pollination-regulated developmental events collectively prepare the flower for fertilization and embryogenesis while bringing about the loss of floral organs that have completed their function in pollen dispersal and reception. Components of this process include chang...
متن کاملFlower Pollination Algorithm for Global Optimization
Flower pollination is an intriguing process in the natural world. Its evolutionary characteristics can be used to design new optimization algorithms. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm, namely, flower pollination algorithm, inspired by the pollination process of flowers. We first use ten test functions to validate the new algorithm, and compare its performance with genetic algorithms and...
متن کاملWalnut Pollination and Pistillate Flower Abortion
This year’s research focused on further evaluation of potential alternate bearing with multiple year ReTainTM treatments. After three years of treatment with ReTainTM, there does not appear to be any negative effect on yield. There was a lower reduction in PFA than was expected, but this is thought to be unrelated to multiple year treatments. Treatment of a Chandler orchard with ReTainTM was do...
متن کاملFlower morphology, pollination biology and mating system of the complex flower of Vigna caracalla (Fabaceae: Papilionoideae).
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Vigna caracalla has the most complex flower among asymmetrical Papilionoideae. The objective of this study was to understand the relationships among floral characteristics, specialization, mating system and the role of floral visitors under different ecological contexts. METHODS Five populations were studied in north-western Argentina, from 700 to 1570 m a.s.l. Anthesis, c...
متن کاملFlorivory, Nectarivory, and Pollination – a Review of Primate-flower Interactions
Due to their principally arboreal way of life, primates can potentially interact with flowers from a broad diversity of tropical and subtropical plants. In fact the consumption of flowers and/or nectar has been reported for many primate species, but the role in primate diets is generally underestimated. Also, evidence has been provided for the role of some primate species as pollinators. This p...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science
سال: 1908
ISSN: 0036-8075,1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.28.715.345